The Lobbying In Tourism Tourism Essay

The Lobbying In Tourism Tourism EssayIn all big argumentation making projects in that location subscribe al counsellings been equipage and bonds. It the past it used to be called bribery and now days, due to its improved form and sophisticate way it is done, it is said to be lobbying. Who atomic number 18 the lobbyists in tourerry? How cig art they advantage from favouring certain group of people and certain cultures? Is it the matter of well done lobbying the onward motion of a certain destination? Lobbying and marketing how be these actually connected? Is it up to the lobbyists that most(prenominal) good values rescue lost their immensity? To what terminus expect the Internet and mass media influenced the style and sensory faculty formation of the certain destination and is it likewise a kind of lobbying? To what extent is lobbying good for somewhat people, destinations and projects and what is the role of the civil sector in such processes? These atomic nu mber 18 near some of questions inevitable to be resolved in secern to get acquitted with the occurrence more and more present in innovative travel industry. It is all somewhat huge amounts of currency and because of this tourism result become ( rase more) interesting to the lobbyists.Very often people wonder how it could be that certain projects argon completed on era and how only the certain group of people takes a part in these? Me genuinely of these people were non say to deal with such projects, umteen of these companies did non reach the outperform offer yet they managed to participate in the projects. How it is possible for an individual to make just a few steps and suddenly to become an fundamental participant? Lobbying is one of the best possible answers. It is well featured in business where it is e realthing about the grownup sum of money as well as where the great national and social interest is concerned. Who the lobbyists ar- in some causal agents it i s known who they ar, while in some others they be like some secret societies, pretty mysterious. It is the second half of the twentieth century when lobbying in tourism generateed to bloom. It was the moment when the mass tourism flourished on with the great number of receptive objects built and numerous tourism fairs held-all these were/are a fantastic medium for the lobbyists to expand their influence. Many high school and college principals as well as hotel/motel and tourist organisation managers are also involved in the process of lobbying- on that point are interests everywhere- non necessarily financial, why some things are done in such way and why certain people do these.The concept lobbying comes from the English word lobby which denotes the area that is just inside a large building, where people crowd out meet and wait .In this space members of the British Parliament used to negotiate, make some arrangements and exchange the information. That is how the notion of lo bbying was formed (to try to influence a politician or the government to do or not to do something). In both British and American system of government it is incorporated organization dealing with legislative processes in such way as to represent industrial .and other interests1.In subject field of tourism, the usual lobbyists are the governments of some countries as well as those who expect something to be done as they like it and in rule to gain some profit. Very often ordinary people are not acquainted with this, due to well skilled professionals. Supremacy and domination are important separate in all spheres of life and lobbying as such is fine means to achieve this.1. LOBBYING IN SERBIAIn Serbia, lobbying will no longer be operated in a secret way and away from the frequent eye on the contrary, it will be an occupation in which franchised professionals will be involved. In July, 2009, there was the proposition of The Lobbying Law created, so that lobbying could become an occ upation as any other. correspond to this law, there will be unique Professional Lobbyist Register single-valued function to deal with the rules of lobbying and to control those who operate opposite the way it is predicted. In such Bill it is said that lobbying is the way for the interested party to achieve impact on some participants in both judicial power and legislation, so as such regulations co no harm on the interested parties or they can benefit from them. The impact has to be explained in full details and at the same clip truthful, useful and meaningful and at the same time it should do no harm on other participants by the time it is put into charge. Lobbying involves all the activities done with purpose to influence decision making at heart public authorities. The purpose of such law is to make lobbying process public and transparent, to make it available to be considerably controlled by the executive and legislative authorities and proceed lobbying to act in the way opposite the legal regulations. (The draft of the Lobbying Law outline). In this law it is also mentioned that a lobbyist is a natural person or an entity and lobbying is an occupation with purpose to achieve some influence on the processes within the executive and legislative authorities. It would be necessary for all those who want to do this craft to deliver a licence, the written document, obtained from the Lobbyist Board. Furthermore, this law states who can be a lobbyist and even something more important-who are those having no rights to do such activity, and they are officials, members of fix Budget Agency, members of the official managing and supervising boards i.e. all those whose activity may cause conflict of interests. Lobbyist activity is available to the public according to the law, although certain pieces of information are confidential as to protect clients and their privacy.Up to the moment when the law is passed, lobbying is an activity done by the influential people who are amateurs only according to their commandment and can not get the licence they are businessmen having chief influence on decision making and profit sharing.2. LOBBYING AND TOURISMIn case of tourism, lobbying can be considered to be any dialogues made by employees in the tourism industry, firstly with the potential clients as the way he checks his lobbying skills namely, if he is a good lobbyist, he can turn a potential client into the client and succeed in taking his Lei sealed time and money and provide certain ser ungodlinesss for him. The contact and the invisible services presentation to the client is one kind of lobbying as well as that involves certain skills. Zoran Ivanovic, a professor at the Faculty of Management in Tourism and Hospitality in Opatija mentioned, at he Congress of the Hotel and Tourism Management, held in Opatija in 2008 that what matters is the prerequisite skills and competences, rather than knowledge. This thought is actually a definition of well done lobbying. It is necessary to improve knowledge continuously and keep working on it. Those possessing a kind of passive knowledge can possibly be lost in a wide range of scientific knowledge. Skills and competencies are taught and and it is their ongoing practice and improvement that can lead to the results, no matter what activities we consider negotiations, lobbying, or when we simply want to leave a good impression.Competencies2and skills3and lobbying are essential for tourism. Tourism, delineate as moving of people from their place of residence to another with a lot of money spent there, is actually an industry selling its services without to be checked previously. All these so called activities, creation not previously checked must be sold and must be properly displayed in order to be purchased. It is claimed that one or even more tourist seasons largely depend on lobbyists it can be so due to the fact that the lobbyists are those who often create trends and im ages and they are exactly the ones who do the promotion trends actually depend on them, they are those who people believe in or vice versa. bingle of the most important skills of lobbyists and people working in tourism is the rhetoric. Is one of the seven antique, ancient skills and indicates the way communication is accomplished and the information packted. Unfortunately, students at the Faculties of Tourism in Serbia do not have a chance to acquaint with this, but it is essential for this profession. It is important for the lobbyists because they have to know how to state what they want to and how, by using the smallest possible numbers of words announce anything. It can be said that lobbying is an officially new skill in Serbia but it is sure that it used to exist in tourism and some other industries a long time ago and that lobbyist used to be well paid for the meditate done. So far lobbying in Serbia has been concerned to mean bribery and corruption, but in some other the E U countries management contracts and awards for the completed projects are not the news. It is exactly what Serbia attains to. To award someone means that you honour hisher work and merit for certain things.Lobbying can make some tourist destinations become staple, it can have to do with sustainable development, it can promote some an idea concerning tourism-all these depend on the one who orders lobbying services. When tourism is taken into consideration, each government should have lobbyists in some of the organizations such as UNESCO, ICOM, ICOMOS, etc. It will be possible than to present natural beauties and projects related to their protection and those lobbyists should have task to convince the officials there that it is their project that it is most urgent and should be the first financed because it is unique, special and endangeredall these activities have to do with rhetoric, good presentation and good impression the officials get.3. LOBBYING AS THE CREATIVE INDUSTRY SEGMEN TThe concept of creative industry features the commentary of conceptual and practical merging of creative arts (individual talent) along with cultural industries (mass) and alone in the context of Informational and Communication Technology that is a part of new economic knowledge that newly created interactive users-consumers can partake.(Hartley, John ed. 200711)It can not be a priori claimed that lobbying is a creative industry segment, but the definition part stating that creative industries directly imply to creative arts merging-out of this it can be concluded that an individual talent can be related to lobbying. One of the greatest talents is rhetoric, previously mentioned but the talent also involves personal image, the communication manners, dress decree, style and all the things that have to do with a certain task and is considered to be proper professional and ethic conduct of a lobbyist himself.One thing is certain when we talk about lobbyists and it is the way they l ook like and how he wants to achieve his goals. In tourism, it is of core importance the contacts with people not being so well positioned and whose satisfaction dictates the tourist destination and product rating on the market these people are outgoing and sales managers who according to their impressions transmit the messages to their employees and to the consumers as well.We can consider that lobbying as an activity can be done at a certain tourist destination and lobbyists would be the tourist guides and reception staff. It is the ability to animate the guests one of the most important in tourism and at the same time can be perceived as lobbying. Well performed and high quality tourist animation can produce satisfied consumers who will by word of mouth communication become the best sales managers for a given destination or a tourist product.In tourism, lobbying lasts much longer than a tourist arrangement itself-it starts from the moment when a potential customer steps into a t ravel agents, tries to decide on the destination product4, stays at the certain destination and finally shares his feedback, very important for the tourist agents itself. Even negative feedback is important, because a good manager is at the same time a good lobbyist and he will do anything to turn such negative experiences into something positive and will not let them have any publicity.Creativity that can be found in lobbying is astray defined and what matters is the level on which lobbying is done. When we talk about tourist agents and hotels lobbying can be done by animators and so it will not be necessary for them to have a classic lobbying licence for them it is necessary to possess talent and ability in order to make the tourists buy something, go on excursions create by the certain local agent. On larger scales of states, huge markets and destinations it is not only necessary for a lobbyist to have a licence but to have knowledge concerning tourist legality as well.In this case it is essential for a lobyst to be good at rhetoric and to be well informed and to be in possession of exact items of information. At the same time there is no need for animation and if it happens to ocur it should be done in a descrete manner.4. LOBBYING OR HOW TO PUT IT IN PRACTICE?It is not easy to be a lobbyist in societies which are xenophobic and used to have totalitarian regime. The idea of res publica is pretty new in the former Yugoslavia area of and it can not be understood that the representation of other peoples interests, negotiation and urging do not equal bribery and corruption. That is why it is important that professionals introduce and put lobbying into practice in order that audience gets impression that they are businessmen like any others.In Serbia, one of the obstacles is that there is no lobbying as a subject at the faculties. At VERN University in Croatia, students at the economic enterprise department have a chance to choose The Introduction to Lobbyi ng as the optional subject. In further course description it is explained that in democratic systems it is not unusual activity for somebody to practice lobbying-on the contrary, it is legitimate means to achieve certain goals and represent the interests. Various legal acts regulate lobbying, and lobbyists have to be incorporated and have to obedience the rules and some codes. Lobbyists are those representatives of big companies and business sector, national and local governments, as many other representatives of non-government sector and other interest groups. Due to the fact that lobbying is intimately tied with political system, legislation, media and international level, it is the multidisciplinary approach that will be applied on problem solving in this course. The Introduction to Lobbying staff wants to stress the importance of this concept and its practicing in modern political, social and economic life. Even what is more important that we want the student to acquire skills and abilities which will enable him to develop business possibilities. It is this course that will help you to find some answers for the pursual questions how to get to the right information and what to do in order to accomplish and protect ones goals? The students are expected to imagine life situations and by applying what they have learned try to find the best, or the least harmful possible solutions. (www.vern.hr/program//IvancicI-Vodic%20kroz%20kolegij.doc)Out of this description it can be concluded that lobbying is necessary and at the same time permeates all spheres of industry. As for someone to become a lobbyist in tourism industry, he/she has to master knowledge from tourism and be well write in non-verbal communication.This non-verbal communication is necessary linked with animation and especially in case of tourism. Lobbying is also tightly linked with animation and non verbal communication especially in some tourism spheres. The development of business tourism is one of the important aspects not only in our sylvan,but the worldwide, too. Business clients are educated pepole who travel round the world visiting antithetical fairs, conferences, symposiums business meetings and many other business activities and protocols so it is of core imprtance what impression he/she will get of the host country. The business clients are said to represent the country to possible tourists in best way.According to the latest research conducted by SITE (Society of Incentive and Travel Executives), 76 % of American executive directors claim that business fairs and professional coituses are the main reasons for them to travel,and even 80% of the worlds top managers claim that these events are the most imporatant sources of the information they need and possibilities to make new business contracts.In what way it is important for tourism in a country is best shown on the example of the English town Birmingham, which would have still been an average, industrial town , if there had not been the congress tourism developed.It is the congress tourism that makes profit of approximately 711 million to this town.Congress presentation has to include all the economic and non-economic services in order to satisfy the needs of the guests here.Such tourist presentation should include tourist attractions, natural beauties, climate,hospitality and cultural heritige. The fact that should be take into consideration is that congres tourist spend even three times great sum of money than so called average tourists. (Year book of International Organization, 1980).In order to satisfy business clients needs the experiences of some more developed countries should be taken into consideration and some latest trends put into practice.These include some motivating or incentive trips which are specially created for the businessman when they are on business trips. These short, but intensive tours are organized for small number of people and according to their wishes and i nterests expressed in the questionnaire they had previously filled in and the tours are organized at the most popular locations and include extreme sports adventures and unique parties. It should so if it is well know fact that incentive business contracts worldwide are worth about billion $.Such animation of business people is very demanding and not easy at all, because through the short period of time one should make satisfy the needs of already tired guests and then to make them satisfied. It can be very demanding and useful at the same time for the tourist propaganda, and maybe one of the most useful way of animation because all these people are well educated and experienced, since they havevisited so many countries, and at the moment when they rate the host country well, it means that they will share these positive experiences with people in their home countries and in such way they can become the best possible presenters of the county they stayed in. (Ivkov Digurski Anelija, 2008)Only these sorts of business trips and such clients can imply to what extent animation is linked with lobbying. Well versed animator is a good lobbyist at the same time knowing how to impose his rhythm and where to take his business clients as they can have a good time. It is up to him and his ability to what extent the clients would be satisfied and be ready to follow him. At the same time, it is his responsibility what feedback the host country would have when the client gets back home. It is no wonder that good animation and lobbying as well can make up for the possible failures. When the business clients are mentioned it is very important that the host county knows what it wants and that it can be accomplished by animators lobbyists. The quality of the product is of core importance, then services and the ideas, but what are crucial are the lobbyists experience and his/her non verbal communication.INSTEAD OF CONCLUSIONNo matter what is going to happen in the future people would always like to travel as they did so from the beginning of the world. Some time in the past migrations used to move towards wealthier spots and because of the search for food. The times when tourism was available only for the gentry had passed a long time ago. The era of mass tourism is also vanishing. The highlights of the present moment are city break tours and tours having enriched thematic content along with various cultural itineraries.People used to travel where the masses went, but nowadays people travel where their friends recommend, they gather some information on different social forums Actually, the forums are the best places to lobby for something it is possible to have someone there in order to opt for a tourist destination. The Internet plays an important part in tourism and in its marketing as well and it can be said that the Internet is an integral part of lobbying, too. The Internet preserves the magic and mystique of the lobbying activity, since you do not know who the lobbyist is but no matter you get involved and up to the extent of his skills you believe him or not. That is how you become a potential customer of his invisible services. The lobbyist is a successful one if he manages to draw your attention and make you not leave the forum, if he provokes you to ask him far questions which are a good signal for him that he made you think unconsciously about the tourist product. It is a huge success for the lobbyist himself because the forum user will start to spread the story about the good forum and in this way to make a potential destination become a part of tourist propaganda-it is much easier to sell a product or a service when the name is familiar to the potential customers.It is necessary to answer the following questionswhowho withwith whatwhyhowwho towhat forwho for the lobbying is done?After answering all these questions it would be much easier to train a lobbyist and then he/she would how exactly how to act in order to achi eve some goals. Machiavelli once said that The goal justifies the means but ethic code should be obeyed as well. Lobbyists should obey their own ethic code and the one in tourism, so in case of tourism it can not be said that all the goals and aims in the process of lobbying for the certain destination or a tourist product. It is necessary to bear in mind, who is lobbying and whom he is representing and what will be long term results. Lobbying is a process where the results can not be shown immediately, its effect can become visible in a period of couple of years. Continuous evaluation is necessary both for the lobbyists and tourist destinations, as well. It is necessary to evaluate the results-they actually show what a lobbyist team has managed to do. Team work is the best possible one even in lobbying industry and it does not mean that that two or more people should act simultaneously, but it means that their actions should be coordinated and not to be futile.Lobbying is a sign o f the extent to which a society is democratic and civil sector developed. The region of the Western Balkans is still immature in that sense and along with its evolution the lobbying activities will start to develop and the concept of lobbying will become familiar to them. The lobbyists task is a promotion and that is why it can not be a priori said that everything is about money it is very important segment in fact, but its effects can influence economic development of some countries, civil sectors and eventually the promotion of some products and services. Apart from all this, money is important because it can make the society consolidate and influence well balanced financial distribution within all social scales. It is tourism that can help the society and the country to develop and good lobbying can make huge amounts of money to reach the country and later be invested in sustainable development, the promotion of tourism as a very important tertiary sector, young peoples grantsLo bbying makes it possibleFor the Institutions to be easily recognized on the international market and especially among the partners that have already been selected to be within significant institutions in the realm of tourism in atomic number 63 and worldwide,To follow the world trends in tourism and make it possible for the activities to be promoted,The creation of the international partnership system of the professional associations,Necessary support in the process of association in the institutrional network organisation which have the similar goals and in that way to promote the product.Lobbying and tourism are closely connected. It is the fact. Maybe it is not said in public. Maybe people have not realized this too seriously so far, but in the years to come their race should been taken into more serious consideration. Lobbyists have to do their job, and along with the fact that tourism is becoming a leading industry in the world the lobbying will become more and more present. T he students of tourism should bear in mind that they can the lobbying as their profession although some of them, being members of various student organizations, have already been acquainted with this, though on amateur level.

Theeb (2014) Summary and Review

Theeb (2014) Summary and criticismBrandon SandersTheeb is a drama thriller picture directed by Jordanian hit director, Naji Abu Nowar. The film is about a young Bedouin boy named Theeb, played by Jacir Eid, who must adventure across the large desert of Wadi Rum. It takes place in the middle einsteinium surrounding World War I and is set during a period known as the Arab Revolt. This was a time when Arab nationalists sought to fight for independence from the queen Empire. They saw an opportunity to be able to free Arab lands from the control of Turkish oppression, but could only accomplish this with the help of British officials. Which is why Edward, played by English actor Jack Fox, accompanies the boy in the journey of a lifetime (Stephen 2015 1).Additionally, much of Theeb was filmed in Wadi Rum, located in southern Jordan. Although, it was infract up into three locations the first event, Theebs tribal encampment, was shot in Wadi Araba. The second event, the pilgrims trail, was shot in wadi rum. Finally, the third event, the ottoman fortress, was shot near Amman. This is one of the things that attracted me to the film because of how accurate and true to nature the locations were. It wasnt like they were filming in America trying to portray what happened, instead they chose Wadi Rum which has deep roots in Bedouin fib and socialisation. Another aspect of the film that attracted me was how recent it had been released. Its hard to find foreign films that are contemporary and true to elaboration. What I mean by true to the culture is they dont use directors or actors from outside the culture because in most cases it could lead to inaccuracy or manipulation of the film, and all the actors were recruited from the Bedouin tribe. Except for Jack fox of course, who played the British soldier. Which is why Theeb was a perfect choice to help describe Bedouin cultural context and meaning.For this reason, it is important to be able to understand Bedouin culture to fully send word the film. The Bedouin, a nomadic Arabic-speaking culture from the Middle East, are animal herders of the desert. Meaning they earn their living primarily from animal husbandry by natural order and browse of sheep, goats, and camels (Chatty 2009 1). Traditionally speaking, the Bedouin seasonally migrate over the Middle East and North Africa depending on pasture and water because they need animals for survival. This largely plays into the subsistence of the culture, whereas the core of Bedouin subsistence is pastoral nomadism. Another important aspect of the culture that one should note before watching the film is Bedouin history and cultural relations. For the most part, Bedouin societies are always united to other non-pastoral societies by economic, social, and political relations. Meaning that they are considered specialist in livestock breeding in terms of local context. This is important when understanding the division of Bedouin societies for aspects con cerning cultural relations. In addition to this, Bedouin history is largely important. In regards to the film, the most important information to note is the Arab Revolt. The Arab Revolt started in 1916 with the goal of gaining independence from the Ottoman Turks, with the hopes of being able to unite a single Arab state. This largely was due to the appeal of Arab nationalism, and is sometimes referred to as the Arab Awakening (Jones 2013 399-401). In the film, you see the this portrayed in the actors as they fight their way across the desert accompanied by British soldier.In addition to this, there is much cultural meaning with the work. It exemplifies the culture by showing history in an accurate setting and using actors from a Bedouin tribe to help illustrate Bedouin culture. It portrays to the audience the lifestyle of Bedouin culture by showing accurate representations of camps and implementing core values. Values such as the importance of hospitality at bottom Bedouin culture. Hospitality is greatly ritualized and taught within the teachings of the Quran. And, for the most part, Bedouin are considered Sunni Muslims and learn the teaching of the Quran. In fact, hospitality is so important that guests must be protected as if they were family members (Chatty 2009 7). The film portrays this accurately with the acceptance of the British soldier, Edward. The film as well as shows the roles of men, where traditionalistic Bedouin- Arab families are dominated by males. Also, shown in the film, men are the primary outfitters of war and political issues.Furthermore, this film helps to signify or convey traditional values and history of Bedouin culture by accurately following cultural context and history within the film. Such as Men having dominant roles within the film and showing cultural context such as religious practices of hospitality. It shows the importance and struggle of Bedouin history, and makes known the traditional aspects within the culture. Tradit ional aspects such as subsistence, identification and location, history and cultural relations, and religious beliefs and practices.All in all, Theeb is an excellent feature film from Bedouin culture and accurately highlights and shows key aspects of the culture. Furthermore, the film represents a world-wide message that translates to all cultures. Inspiring perseverance through trials and tribulations and encouraging traditional cultural practices inspiring nationalism. It is a contemporary example that even today films give the bounce be made that exemplify culture.CitationsChatty, D. (2009). Culture Summary Bedouin. New Haven, Conn. Human Relations Area Files. Retrieved from http//ehrafworldcultures.yale.edu/document?id=mj04-000JONES, C., MILTON-EDWARDS, B. (2013). Missing the devils we knew? Israel and political Islam amid the Arab Awakening. International Affairs, 89(2), 399-415. doi10.1111/1468-2346.12024Holden, S. (2015, November 05). Review In Theeb, a Bedouin Boys Brutal Coming-of-Age. Retrieved March 30, 2017, from https//www.nytimes.com/2015/11/06/movies/review-in-theeb-a-bedouin-boys-brutal-coming-of-age.html

Female Empowerment In Kerala

Female Empowerment In KeralaABSTRACT There has been a spate of reasonions at various levels peculiarly at the the top hierarchy of the successive governments with reference to apprehension of women empowerment in our country India. Besides it has similarly been a meeting point of contradicting themes that has resulted in a status quo. The women who stand to gain from governmental measures atomic number 18 already empowered and the vast majority of them, who mostly hail out from rural regions , ar still regarded inferior to men in most spheres. In view of this the pledge paper makes an attempt to highlight how it contradicts as in the state of Kerala which has created a congenial atmosphere for the emergence of women empowerment and development of women entrepreneurship by means of Kudumbashree. Kudumbashree, which mean prosperity (shree) of the family ( Kudumbam) is the name of the women oriented, union based, State Poverty Eradication Mission of governing body of Kerala. Kerala is a tiny state lying in the south-west part of Indian federation, where many development experiments are being tested, refined and implemented. The mission aims at the empowerment of women, through forming self-help groups and encouraging their entrepreneurial or other wide range of activities. The purpose of the mission is to ensure that the women should no longer remain as passive recipients of public assistance, however active leaders in women involved development initiatives.Keywords women empowerment, contradicts , active leaders, KeralaOBJECTIVES The present paper makes an attempt to highlight the success stories associated to women empowerment, initiatives taken, incentives provided by a edifice block named Kudumbashree operating widely in the state of Kerala.INTRODUCTION Women in business is a recent phenomenon in India. They have confined themselves to petit larceny business and tiny cott geezerhood industries. They are found in veget fitting make outing, mak ing pickles, papads etc The spread of development and increased awareness are aiding women to spread their go into the areas which were the monopoly of men. On the whole, proper education of women in Kerala resulted in high motivation among them to enter into business. The financial, marketing and knowledge assistance provided by the State Government in like manner helped motivate women to assume entrepreneurial career. Womens desire to devise at the place of residence, difficulty of getting jobs in the public and private sectors and the desire for companionable recognition also motivated women in Kerala for self development. Kudumbashree was launched by the Government of Kerala in 1998 for wiping out absolute poverty from the State through concentrated community action under the leadership of Local Self Governments, Kudumbashree is today one of the largest women-empowering projects in the country. The programme has 37 lakh members and covers more than 50% of the households in Kerala. reinforced around three critical components, microcredit,entrepreneurship and empowerment, the Kudumbashree initiative has today succeeded in addressing the basic needs of the less privileged women, thus providing them a more dignified biography and a better future. Real empowerment occurs only(prenominal) when rights can be legitimately claimed and are universally acknowledged. It is the endeavor of Kudumbashree to bring the discussion on womens rights and issues into the heart of the development debate. The organisational structure and capacity building programmes of kudumbashree attempt to develop the leadership capabilities and opportunities for intervention in development activities. The Gender Self Learning course of study is a unique experiment to consolidate womens vo spyglasss and discuss gender disparities.OVERVIEWThe ne bothrk of Kudumbashree projects across Kerala is beginning to bear fruits non only in the form of fiscal independence for women but also with a new found self confidence. Kerala is witnessing a silent revolution, spawning womanpower, possibly restoring to the State its lost matriarchal legacy, where the women enjoyed pre-eminence, safety, security and respect, including self-respect. This egg-producing(prenominal) empowerment is taking place through the Kudumbashree movement, which has engulfed the State. In Ernakulam district alone there are 19,2424 women in rural and urban areas contributing Rs. 22 crores through deposits to the State economy. Each member contributes Rs 10 a week, which is achieved through a phenomenal feat by trusting women, awakening their inherent saving instinct(predicate) and abilities to achieve. From the thrift amount loans are granted to them which they return in just three weeks. Loans upto Rs. 26 crores are given to them. Earlier, they had no money of their own to overtake or invest. Now they have achieved monetary empowerment, self-reliance and freedom, said Kabir B. Haroon, District Miss ion Co-ordinator of Kudumbashree in Ernakulam.When one re-scripts their earlier life scenario it is easy to recapture the distortion and trauma they would have experienced in situations, as when school opened. They had to buy bags, books, umbrellas etc. for their children and often they never had the money for it and had to borrow from blade companies, paying conscienceless interest. Now they say, quite proudly, that they are borrowing from their own investments. Similarly, they take loans from their own deposits to celebrate Onam, Christmas or Bakri id. Many of them say that they have lost their enslavement because they are not dependent on anyone anymore. Kudumbashree alone has collected Rs.230 crores as deposits and lent Rs 320 crores as loans.Across Kerala, Kudumbashree covers 991 panchayats and 58 municipalities. Through this ne twork women have the freedom to demand, and to grow money without red tape. In fact, banks volunteer to lend money to Ayalkoottams. Like the Dhanala kshmi Bank, which plans to lend Rs.300 crores to Kudumbashree Ayalkoottams alone, testifying the credibility and investor confidence the women have inspired under the Kudumbashree network.Each friendship Development Society (CDS) under the Kundumbasree project is an independent entity, registered under the Charitable Society Act, sans governmental interference. Everyone gets to share responsibility as office bearers, but not more than twice. There are health and education volunteers, infrastructure volunteers, income-generation volunteers, a secretary, and a hot seat, who heads but does not rule. Since the role of Mayor or panchayet president is limited, the women face no interference or influence from men, unlike in the Panchayat where political influences and husbands often rule by proxy. The women are free to present crucial issues like water, power or housing before the g-forcea Sabha under the Ayalkootam network.The flagship of the Ernakulam Kudumbashree is the Kuttampuzha tribal belt ammunition where the women are so empowered that they have been able to control the price line in the Kothamangalam belt and even ban arrack, both its brewing and consumption. The women engage jeeps to buy provisions and vegetables in bulk and sell them to members at the cheapest possible price, thus controlling the prices in the area. This is the impact of women in Kuttampuzha, Earlier, rice had to be distributed to adivasis to prevent starvation deaths. Now it is the Kudumbasree, which ensures that adivasis get their quota of rice. In this adivasi belt the thrift deposit amount is Rs. 44 lakhs and the loans amount to Rs. 80 lakhs.These poor women become conscious not only of fiscal saving but also about saying that they have effectively managed plastic ban by introducing cloth bags and have started using areca-nut frond (Paala) as plates at functions not only to rising plastic ban but also to protect the areca trees. Women have also taken over the sale of tender coco nuts and have started manufacturing Kerashree coconut oil.The snowball ice cream is another new and popular venture of these women. Made out of tender coconut, which is not slit open to extract the tender flesh, but is worked up inside and drunk, using a straw has gained popularity among foreign tourists. This project is under the aegis of Centre for Spices and Research, Government of India.IT SECTORWomen under the Kudumbasree have also entered the IT business line through data entry and in assembling units. Kudumbashree computer centre has developed hardware for printing ration throwaway, etc. Kudumbashree units also impart IT education in 158 schools in Kerala, with a Rs.10 crores grant from the Union Govt. Six girls in each unit acquire the skill to teach students of classes eight and nine, under this scheme. Kudumbashree women are acquiring computer literacy and also supply computer hardware to such schools.TOURISIM AND ALLIED SECTORSThe Kudumbashree is having an impact acros s Kerala. In Fort Kochi, the beach is cleaned and maintained by the women, who collect Rs.1200 for it from the Tourism Department.They also maintain the heritage zone . Women have also stepped in to produce ethnic fast food with help from the pocket billiards Bank. They manufacture bakery items and reach them directly to houses, as head as provisions, like rice, soaps tea etc often earning up to Rs.16,000 a month. There are at least 450 women in this field, who have sold around Rs. 18 lakhs worth provisions during the 10 days of Onam collecting Rs.3,000 each in the bargain.DIRECT tradeDirect marketing has become the hallmark of Kudumbashree thus eliminating middlemen and ensuring that actual profits reach the producer. There are 45 direct marketing units in Ernakulam District. In all, Kudumbashree has effected a healthy change in the Kerala scenario. The women have become self-confident under it and they have regained their individuality and also gives an avenue to step out, to i nteract, to hyperbolize their horizons which is no more limited to the four walls of our homes.EMPOWERMENT STORIES UNDER THE ROOF OF KUDUMBASHREENOW WOMEN CAN CLIMB COCONUT TREES (December 15,2009)Climbing coconut trees is considered to be the monopoly of men, and more and more it is felt that there are fewer people to climb. These views may be a thing of the past as Kudumbashree and Raidco initiated a tree climbing training programme. A package has been developed, where the equipment costing Rs 2350 and which can climb even the most twisted coconut trees, is given together with a Scooty, mobile phone at a total cost of Rs 40000 for which a bank loan can be availed. Kudumbashree provides a subsidy of Rs 7500. The Panchayat also provides support for equipment purchase. Women from 90 Gram Panchayats took part in the training cum demonstration organized at the Mallapuram Municipal Compound. It takes two weeks of training and practice to master climbing trees with these equipment. The equipment is currently in use in Nedirippur- Harijan Colony, Chungattam and Edakari, where each person makes an average income of Rs 650 per day. Traditional climbers also find this equipment useful and found out that they dont start from chest pain while using it. The equipment also has a mechanism whereby it can be locked and the top of the tree cleaned effectively. Technically professional climbers can work upto 110 trees in louvre time of days.A WOMEN TURNS INTO A STORY MAKERIts not often that an inborn talent becomes a business and a way of life. Ordinarily Jesse Thomas talent would not have been noticed, but many people know her today because of her unique product- books, which she writes and publishes. Not only does she write but also publishes, popularizes and builds a reader base for her books. Jesse Thomas is based in Thrissur. Her husband Thomas drives an autorickshaw, and she has two children-Justin and Tesse. Jesse started writing at the age of eleven. Her friends w ere her first readers and critics. She wrote about everyday life and things that she saw around her. With the en fortitudement of her teachers, her story was published in a magazine from Enrakulam, Pushparani when she was 13 years old. thereafter six other stories were published, but her first book was published only in December 2008. For Jesse, who had to discontinue educated after the 9th standard to care for her siblings, this is unparalleled perseverance. The lack of formal education was not detterent to her urge to tell stories, and she kept writing. Her mother supported the family by selling vegetables after father left his married woman and five children in a state of penury. Jesse married Thomas when she was twenty yers. Thomas has been a source of strength and encouragement and has supported her efforts to write and publish. Jesse veritable support from the Thrissur Corporation under SJSRY with a loan of Rs 75000. With this she wrote and published the book Jeevanude Vil akku Enniki Kittum ( I will get the lamp of life ). Though her popularity increased and the sales were apt she still has unsold books and a loan to repay. She however did not give up and continues to write and publish. Jesse is the President of the Namma Neighbourhood Group in the 25th cellblock of Thrissur Corporation. Its a common sight to see her books being displayed alongside pickles and dried products at the Kudumbashree monthly market. Jesse has learnt the challenges in publicity and sales through experience, but has the self confidence to move forward. Her activity is unusual and is driven purely by her talent and enthusiasm, but with the right support, she could become a well cognise writer..AN OFFERING OF TURMERIC IN HARIPADACultivation of turmeric is not widespread in Kerala. Seasonal rainfall and open land without shade is needed for turmeric cultivation. Middlemen take most of the profits and procedures with meager returns. Sixty women from several vicinity groups in Haripada Gram Panchayat in Allapuzha district, decided to take up turmeric cultivation. Turmeric is an offering at the Mannarashala temple of serpent gods which has several women devotees. The turmeric production is a joint initiative of Kudumbashree and the Panchayat under the Samagra initiative. Of the 60 women from five Gram Panchayats involved in this activity, 30 are engaged in cultivation and 30 in production of seeds. Each day 50kg of turmeric is harvested and supplied to the temple through an agency. The market is assured and they are not exploited by middlemen. It is hoped that as they gain confidence, the women will directly take up marketing activities as well.NEW WAYS TO ADDRESS MILK SCARCITYNature Fresh is a new initiative of Kudumbashree for production of marketing of milk. It has been initiated in Edavetti Grama Panchayat in Idukki District and Kannadi Grama Panchayat in Palakkad District. 55 Kudumbashree enterprises across 14 wards of Kannadi village are involved i n this enterprise. 50 women with dairy units of two cows each are engaged in milk production and 5 women are involved in sale of milk. These nterprises have been established at a cost of Rs 35.5 lakhs wherein Rs 16 lakhs has been provided by Palakkad Disatrict Panchayat and Rs 19 lakhs as bank loan. The integrated intervention addresses all stages of dairy management. Each dairy unit with two cows and calves has a shed of 430sq.ft. The floor is designed such that no dung or water stagnates, and is drained out effectively. The shed is well ventilated and easy to clean. There is also water storage facility in the shed. Each unit has an equipment box. All families are trained in scientific care of the animals. The milk is tested and must meet basic standards of 3.5% fat and lactometer reading of 28 for the milk to be accepted for marketing. The milk is bottled and sold to houses at bottom an hour of milking. In Kerala which faces a scarcity of milk, the Nature Fresh experiment in Iduk ki district sets an example. Kudumbashree proposes to initiate the Nature Fresh initiative in two Gram Panchayats in all districts.GENDER SELF LEARNING PROGRAMME Kudumbashree have been working on a programme that aims at getting women to discuss the gender dimension of their issues. For this they had to break the mould of thrift and credit based discussions which alone were taking place, apart from the odd health or other distribution .Locally contextualised modules on issues such as women and work, women and health, women and mobility, women and entertainment are developed and deliberated in Neighbourhood Group meetings. The different voices of women and their perceptions about the topics of discussion are captured on a web-based portal accessible at the level of the Local Self Government. The portal is being developed with the support of the Minister of Information Technology, Government of India Awareness building programmes seem not to leave any sustained impact. It was felt th erefore that a learning process in which the women felt themselves to have a stake, and would be delivered not through trainings, but through discussions focusing on some aspect of their lives and livelihoods they could relate to, either through a story line, or through some other format- press cuttings, poems, skit etc. had to be the mode of delivery. State level consultations help identify the themes of the learning modules, The content for the learning modules are alert by local women resource persons, who source the stories out of their own experiences for further contextualisation and development. Once the modules are developed, they are consolidated and disseminated by resource persons in the neighbourhood groups. Women are encouraged to ask questions about themes ranging from work and environment to health, power and power structure. Kudumbashree is actively involved in the myriad aspects of implementation of the programme, from job card registration through labour budgeting and work site facilitation to social audit. Moreover, it is the single rights based programme spearheaded by the state, which recognizes womens work participation concerns as a matter of rights and equity.CONCLUSION Today there is a great awakening among women. Given an opportunity, they will deliever the results. Empowerment of women is absolutely necessary in straightening her personality. The need of an hour is to provide an opportunity in a conducive atmosphere free from gender difference. The need for awareness motivationto be an active member of the society and courage the faults of male counterparts are great challenges today. The above paradigm is about inclusive growth through self-employment opportunities that every strata in our society can access influencing a transformational change in delievering self-sustaining profitability.REFERENCES 1) Vasant Desai (2011)(Ed) , The Dynamics of Entrepreneurial Development and Management- Planning for Future Sustainable Growth, Hi malaya Publishing House2) S.S Khanka (2001)(Ed), Entrepreneurial Development- S. Chand Publications3) The Hindoo Online edition of India National Newspaper http//www.kudumshree.org/ on Monday , Nov 03 ,2003

Shakespeares Hamlet - The Reality of Appearances Essay examples -- Re

The Reality of Appearances in Hamlet Within Hamlet the notion of appearances ( by dint of apparitions and work forcetal afflictions) lies in direct dichotomy of reality. This becomes evident through both plot and character. The continual demise in Hamlets mental state is an important issue which leads us to question his actions and motives within the play. In this essay I shall be attempting to elucidate how the reality of appearances is a central theme. The plays plot is full of accompanyings and events that are not what they appear to be. One such incident is Ophelias ambiguous death. When, from the Queen, the audience first learns of her passing, the girls death seems very peaceful, poetic and accidental. But later, during the Graveyard Scene, when the clowns are discussing her death, they classify it as a suicide. Does Ophelia, as it appears, absent-mindedly set pes too far into the murky waters and, held down by her heavy garments, meets with her untimely death? Or, does sh e, mad with grief caused by Hamlets insanity and her fathers death, willingly treat to her muddy grave? Another example occurs when Laertes, Ophelias brother, and King Claudius devise the Triple-Pronged plan. They set up a duel between Hamlet and Laertes. Since both young men are presumably using bated swords, this confrontation appears to be a simple, ordinary fencing match, no one will get hurt. Despite its harmless... ...etations Hamlet. Ed. Harold Bloom. new-made York City Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. 65-86 Findlay, Alison. Hamlet A Document in Madness. New Essays on Hamlet. Ed. signal Thornton Burnett and John Manning. New York AMS Press, 1994. 189-205. Hopkins, Lisa. Parison and the Impossible Comparison. New Essays on Hamlet. Ed. Mark Thornton Burnett and John Manning. New York AMS Press, 1994. 153-164. Rose, Mark. Reforming the Role. Modern Critical Interpretations Hamlet. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York City Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. 117-128 Wiggins, Martin. Ham let Within the Prince. New Essays on Hamlet. Ed. Mark Thornton Burnett and John Manning. New York AMS Press, 1994. 209-226.

Threads Of Life :: essays research papers

Thread of LifeThis book covers the patterns of evolution and how each species and time era had an effect on Earths history. It covers the world from the beginning to the present times telling us all that has happened in between. The book begins by introducing us to geology and how it is used in telling time and finding fossils. The Grand Canyon is a good place to begin because it is the worlds greatest geological gash. Sediment was deposited here storey upon layer and eventually the layers were cut through by the Colorado River. The time covered by the layers of rock in the Grand Canyon represent about devil billion years of macrocosms history. The next chapter introduces to us how life began. Many scientists believe that life began as soon as the earth cooled sufficiently after estimable arrive ating. It is believed that the first life on earth emerged some four billion years ago. The author goes on to say that the beginning of life can be organized into five stages first, the earth forms from materials in our solar system second, chemicals such as sugars, phosphates, and amino acids are formed third, these building blocks link together to form nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and fats fourth, these turn into proto-organisms and last, these organisms gain the ability to replicate.This explains how life begins.Soon the organisms of the water begin to evolve legs and lungs and start to venture out of the water onto the land. This brings about the era of the dinosaurs. Dinosaurs govern the earth for about 185 million years and then their populations began to decline. About 65 million years ago in that respect is evidence that an asteroid struck the earth and caused the extinction of many species of marine plankton. The last of the dying dinosaur population may have died out before this.After the dinosaurs died off, then came the reign of the mammals. Mammals were more equipt for survival because of more intelligence and the development of a lower ja w comprised of one bone. Upper and lower molars helped mammals survive better. Mammals would also stay with there newborn and nurture them until they were able to fend for themselves. Mammals were able to survive a very long time and are still evolving in present times. In the present, there is evidence that our human ancestors walked erect some 3.75 million years ago.

A Jungian Analysis of the Epic of Gilgamesh Essay -- Epic Gilgamesh es

A Jungian Analysis of the Epic of Gilgamesh This paper will provide a unique, psychological perspective on a timeless accounting that is alive with mythological and religious splendor. I must state clearly that this is not the first time that Gilgamesh has been viewed in the light of the philosophy of Jung. One of deuce Jung essays I happened upon while preparing my research was the Psychology of Religion. Although I initially felt that this source would provide little help with my paper, I was very mistaken. On the 17th page, I have discovered Jung directly referencing Gilgamesh himself. While researching, I consulted the many translations of Gilgamesh found on the web. It seemed that the more sources I sought, the greater the amount of differing opinions and convoluted versions I uncovered. In an effort to remain true to the epic, I will mainly be referring to the book, World Mythology, written by Donna Rosenberg with a few inclusions from Kovacs translations. Although Rosenber gs version lacks the sprint of the latter, it provides a simple doorway opening to a complicated, yet profound, tale of the first great epic that brings time, mortality, and the anguish of humanity into a world of personalized destiny basically related to our own (Campbell, OM, p. 87-90). The essay is written with the understanding that the reader has prior knowledge of the main subject matter, Dr. Carl Jungs theories of the unconscious, and Joseph Campbells idea that myths are synchronistically reproduced across time. Archaeologists and historians feel confident that Gilgamesh was originally written by the Sumerians and later adapted by the Babylonians who kept the identities of Sumers original gods and goddesses. According to Mauree... .... (Stanford Stanford University Press, 1989)Jackson, Danny P.,ed. The Epic of Gilgamesh. Wauconda, IL Bolchazy-Carducci, 1992. Maier, John ed. Gilgamesh. A Reader. Wauconda, IL Bolchazy-Carducci, 1997.Mason, Herbert. Gilgamesh. A Verse Narr ative. Boston Houghton Mifflin, 1970. Sandars, Nancy K. The Epic of Gilgamesh. Harmmondsworth, UK Penguin Books, 1968, 1971.Temple, Robert, He Who Saw Everything A Verse Version of the Epic of Gilgamesh. London Rider, 1991Thompson, R. Campbell. Gilgamesh Text, Translation, and Notes. Oxford Clarendon, 1930. Campbell, Joseph. The Masks of God Creative Mythology. impudently York Penguin Books, 1968, pp. 4-14, 78-79. Campbell, Joseph. The Masks of God Occidental Mythology. New York Penguin Books, 1964, pp. 9-10, 87-92. Woolley, C. Leonard. THE SUMERIANS. New York AMS PRESS, INC., 1970, p. 22.